Credit card stolen and used to make a purchase

You dispute the fraudulent charge with the bank of the issued card. That is typical for any fraudulent charge and it is the bank that will refund your money as they are the ones that approved the charge. Your bank is going to want to issue you another card and block future transactions with your old one to prevent it from happening again with maybe a different merchant. Apple will likely take an additional measure to lock that users Apple Account after your bank notifies them of the fraudulent purchase.

That’s something you’ll need to take up with your card issuer. Apple has nothing to do with it.