Sometimes Finder USB sync to iPhone/iPad is so slow that I have suspected it is stuck. Just the other day I was prepared to disconnect iPad (I then checked com.apple.amp.devicesui and it seemed to be active with about 100% CPU time which seemed promising) then it continued and succeeded. (iPadOS 26.3, Sequoia 15.7.4).
You might try again after rebooting both devices. Or try in safe mode.
iTunes/Finder Photos sync has always been more or less flaky and I have tried to do all kinds of voodoo with it although lately it has been almost OK (knock on wood). For example: open the Photos library on an external disk, reboot, open the library to the background, then sync via the Finder.
Or if all else fails, make a backup (just in case) and right click or control-click the "Photos Library.photoslibrary", choose "Show Package Contents" and delete the "iPod Photo Cache" folder (it holds a database of previous syncs and might have been corrupted. It is re-created in the next sync. It can be several tens of GBs large normally). Empty trash and restart the computer. Then try to sync again.