It is a temporary rendering glitch, not an intentional design choice. There is no toggle switch in macOS to hide or show calendar grid lines, meaning the sudden disappearance of your vertical and horizontal hour dividers is a minor UI rendering bug in your current session.
Try this
- Force Quit: Quit the Calendar app completely (Command + Q) and reopen it.
- Reboot: Restart your Mac to clear out system-level window server and UI cache glitches.
- Toggle Views: Switch back and forth between Day, Week, and Month views to force the window frame to redraw.
- Check for Updates: Update your system past version 26.3.1 if an incremental patch is available.