Without seeing more of your data, it's hard to answer the question, but I'll at least provide a few pointers...
First of all, a point of terminology - when you say 'Master File', do you mean a distinct spreadsheet file?, or just a 'Master' table on one sheet within a single Numbers document?
If the former, then no - you're out of luck. Numbers does not support linking across documents, so all references, formulas, calculations, etc. have to be within the same Numbers document.
If the Master table is in the same document, then you may have some options. The question is what do you want this to look like?
For example, if the Master table has, say, 100 cards/categories/descriptions listed, do you want the entire table to be replicated to each 'physical location' table? Or do you want a subset of them? How do you define which entries to copy across?
If the answer is 'all', then it's easy. On the sub-table related to any location, just set the cell A1 (or A2 if you're using table headers) to
=Master Table::A
(where 'Master Table' is the name of the Master table in this sheet. This formula will simply copy all the values from column A of 'Master Table' into this table. since it's a reference, it will dynamically update to include any newly-added entries. (Note, the 'location' table must have at least as many rows as the Master table, otherwise Numbers will throw an error since it can't copy all the data).
You can repeat this for the other columns you want to copy across (Categories, Descriptions, etc.)