How do I restore deleted music files from iTunes on a new iPhone?

I'm trying to update my itunes uploaded mp3 music playlist on my iphone 17e (26.5.2) and have not been able to connect it to my computer (windows 11) or transfer data from it at all. When I was finally able to read the device with itunes, it did not show anything from my playlist, but i could at least see other files. I unknowingly hit the sync button to see if it would show my music and it deleted everything. I have everything on my other phone on an older iOS version (17.2.1) that shows everything just fine, and it will not transfer anything over.

What can I actually do to reverse this or upload my backup without having to just factory reset my phone and transfer data from my old one again? My heart dropped hard and I'm in disbelief that this is gonna be irreversible because apple can't get their act together and fix their software as far as im reading.

[Re-Titled by Moderator]

Original Title: itunes not recognizing files on new iphone, accidently deleted everything with sync, cannot upload the files back.