When Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) and Transparency mode fail on AirPods Pro after about two years, it is usually caused by hardware failure or deep debris buildup in the internal microphones and outer vents.
Try this
Inspect the mesh: Earwax, skin oils, and pocket lint can clog the tiny outer speaker grills and back microphone vents completely, which disables the acoustic feedback loop required for ANC.
Use a dry toothbrush: Gently brush the mesh grills with a clean, soft toothbrush to loosen stubborn debris.
The suction method: Many users on community forums report success by lightly placing their mouth over the AirPod body and sucking gently on the vents/grills for a few seconds to pull out trapped moisture or deep particulate matter.