It's not just your ipod. iPhone 12 mini running 27.2. Prior to GG upgrade, podcasts would sync over wifi and usb to iPhone without issue when using the Finder sync feature (how I manage my libraries on the phone). Downloaded podcasts (I don't stream) no longer sync. The iPhone reports No Downloaded Episodes. The Mac running 27.0.1, Podcast app has my downloaded unplayed library intact, and adds to it when I refresh with new downloads. Seems to me some kind of file flag has been changed.
When I dig deeper, I get an error message on the Mac: 'Podcasts on the iPhone “DNA-12mini” cannot be synced because all of the podcasts selected for syncing no longer exist.' And yet, there they are.
Oh, and while Apple's at it, they can revisit their GUI guidelines from the 1980s where things should be consistent - make the space bar pause/play podcasts in the same manner as iTunes/Music, Photos, and TV apps. Ahem...