You are right that Visual Fine Tune is not what you are looking for.
Apple describes it as part of display calibration, where it adjusts the display’s white point, rather than as a temporary control that you can quickly switch on and off. Apple — Calibrate your Mac display
Apple’s current Display accessibility settings for Mac include Colour Filters, Invert Colours, Reduce Transparency and other options, but they do not include Reduce White Point. Apple — Display accessibility settings on Mac
So, unlike on iPhone, Reduce White Point is not currently a built-in Mac accessibility control.
Lowering the Mac’s brightness is not the same thing: it reduces the overall brightness of the display, whereas Reduce White Point reduces the intensity of bright whites.
Night Shift can be switched on and off easily, but it changes the display’s colour temperature rather than providing a Reduce White Point adjustment.
For the particular control you want, an adjustable reduction in white intensity that you can quickly switch on and off while returning to your normal display afterward.
MacOS does not currently provide an equivalent built-in setting.
A third-party Mac utility is therefore the next option to investigate.
The important thing is to look for one that specifically reduces the intensity of whites rather than simply lowering overall brightness or changing the display’s colour temperature.
