The following page should answer most of your questions. If not, it has links to contact Apple directly. It contains a lot of detail, which might be advisable to review, in answering your questions
http://www.apple.com/support/products/faqs.html
It can take up to 30 days according to some details outlined on this page, depending upon specific circumstances. As long as you have your original sales documentation, etc., you should be okay, but I understand your apprehension as far as speedy results are concerned.
Don't hesitate to call the Apple Store direct, at 1-800-MyApple, if you can't get satisfactory answers online, or call the AppleCare toll free number direct at 1-800-275-2273.