Hello.
Question #1: Are the settings in General settings on the iPhone the "Master" settings for the phone or can an app override these settings? PlaceTagger does not store its maps locally whereas it uses the internet to provide them. Will using the app override the "Master" settings in General settings to get its infomation?
An app cannot override your settings. With wi-fi access off or when not connected to an available wi-fi network, and with Cellular Data turned off on the iPhone, if you select an app that requires internet access, you will be provided a warning or error message that internet access is required with the app and is not enabled. An app won't arbitrarily turn on Cellular Data without your knowledge or consent and approval.
Question #2: To confirm, if I turn off 3G, Cellular Data and Data Roaming in General settings, the iPhone will only use the dedicated GPS to acquire its location?
Turning Cellular Data off prevents cellular data or internet access via the cellular network entirely with the iPhone via 3G, EDGE, or GPRS - whichever is available at the time. Turning 3G network access off only turns 3G network access off only. Doing this only does not prevent data or internet access via the cellular network via EDGE or GPRS unless you have Data Roaming off (which is off by default) when roaming internationally. To ensure there is no data or internet access via the cellular network when roaming internationally, turn Cellular Data off. If you turn Cellular Data on and Data Roaming is off, you shouldn't be able to access the internet via the cellular network either when roaming internationally, but having Cellular Data turned off ensures this.
When Cellular Data turned off, the iPhone will not be able to make use of A-GPS or assisted GPS unless you have wi-fi access enabled and are connected to an available wi-fi network. Without A-GPS, the initial GPS acquisition with a new location will take much longer, but GPS access alone without A-GPS via the cellular network or an available wi-fi network does not use any data, which isn't possible anyway when Cellular Data is off.
Question #3: How does putting the iPhone in Airplane mode affect any of the above? Will the Airplane mode be a back up if those features were turned off?
Airplane mode turns off all iPhone radios - cellular for calls and SMS/MMS, cellular for internet access via the cellular network, wi-fi access, bluetooth, and GPS. With the iPhone, you can turn on wi-fi access and bluetooth only after enabling Airplane mode. With Airplane mode enabled, GPS reception and acquisition is not possible.
Question #4: Will placing an unactivated Sim card in the device essentially take the cell phone company out of the equation for data and roaming charges, and allow the dedicated GPS to only function?
No need to insert an unactivated SIM card in the device. Just remove the activated SIM card from the device which takes all cellular functions out of the equation. Doing so does not prevent wi-fi access or GPS reception. With Cellular Data turned off, this does not prevent you from placing or receiving any calls and the same for SMS/MMS. Cellular Data turned off prevents internet access via the cellular network.