Same issue started today. 24" ViewSonic has been working flawlessly for a year. I always use it with my 2011 MBP 13" lid closed. So I wake up the computer with the wireless trackpad or keyboard. NEVER once had an issue. Then this morning the ViewSonic would not respond.
I opened the MBP, checked the displays and it showed that it recognized the ViewSonic even though the ViewSonic screen was black. I did all sorts of different reboots and disconnect/reconnects with both the MBP and ViewSonic but the best I could muster was a mirror image on the ViewSonic only when the MBP lid was open. But the Viewsonic image was distorted (resolution was screwed up). Considering I use the Apple Mini-port HDMI adaptor, the ViewSonic picture was always crystal clear before today.
No matter how many times I opened and closed the lid and then tried tapping on the wireless trackpad, it never woke the computer. Until I did this, and it's been working all day and night since doing so:
1. Make sure the monitor and MBP are connected, and the computer is running and lid is OPEN
2. Disconnect the Apple Mini-port adaptor from the MBP
3. Unplug the power source to the ViewSonic (or whatever external monitor you're using). Wait for the standby light on the external monitor to go off before taking the next step
4. Reconnect the Apple Mini-port adaptor to the MBP (HDMI or DVI cable should already be connected the Apple adaptor - I'm assuming this throughout these steps)
5. Reconnect the power source to the external monitor
Give it a few seconds and the display should now show up on external monitor. It will likely be distorted which we will fix in the next series of steps. Make sure you have checked mirror displays in the display preferences.
Now, to get the MBP to recognize the external monitor when the lid is closed, do the following:
1. Make sure the the MBP lid is open and the computer is on.
2. The display on the external monitor should still be mirroring what you see on the MBP screen (although the display will be distorted). Now close the MBP lid (do not put it in sleep mode, just close the computer while it's running.
3. Now unplug the Apple Mini-port from the MBP.
4. Unplug the power source to the external monitor. Wait for the stand-by light to go off before going to the next step
5. Connect the Apple Mini-port back into the MBP
6. Reconnect the power source to the external monitor. Immediately start repeatedly clicking the wireless trackpad or mouse until the display stays on. It will blue screen for a sec while it resolves the resolution. It should then come back on and look as it should. External monitor should now be ready to use with the MBP closed