Nothing at all, unless you have some software optimized for the various faster cores of one versus another. http://www.cpubenchmark.net/ shows the i7 is the only one in the top 10 processors.
But remember, many a program are more graphics processor (GPU) dependent, or hard drive speed dependent, or RAM speed dependent. SSDs (Solid State Drives) are vastly faster than spinning hard drives, but their security when end of life come to them is not yet great, as no 100% certain means of totally erasing them exists. Thunderbolt once hard drives are released will be vastly faster than SATA, which is faster than ethernet, which is faster than Firewire 800, which is faster than USB, which is faster than 802.11n wireless. If you get a program that is GPU dependent in its specifications, that will trump performance of all other variables for that program, unless you don't have that GPU, or one that is only in its minimum requirements.