May I ask how you managed to create this MOV .avi wrapper with QuickTime X? I tried with the latest QT 10.1 on 10.7.1 Lion, but there is no "Save as" option (naturally) where I could choose "Save as reference", as was the case with QT 7 on OS X 10.6.8!
As you explicitly mentioned QuickTime X: I did not find any suitable option in neither "Export" (it would always *transcode* the whole movie) nor "Save to web" (it creates a folder and a reference MOV file, but it also transcodes the movie), as it seems.
What exact steps did you do to only get this small *.mov "wrapper"?
By the way I am dealing with DV AVI, as captured by an old Miro DV500 card on a Windows XP machine. The file size doesn't seem to be an issue at all, even a small 170 MByte file would fail (and sorry to disappoint you, but I tried both the original 10.0 (on Lion) as well as the updated 10.0.1 (on Snow Leopard)!
On my OS X 10.6.8 however I can work around this issue exactly as you describe, but in QT 7 Player there is still the "Save as" and then "Save as reference" option which produces just the desired small MOV file.
Just on Lion I am stuck! I simply don't get how to produce a "reference file" (only) with QT X!
I have filed a FCP X bug report about this import issue.
What really bugs me is that the same files I am able to import into Final Cut Express 4.0! And needless to say they play fine with whatever application (QT, VLC, Preview in Finder, ...) on both Snow Leopard and Lion...