I too had a graphical issue after installing Lion on a 2011 iMac 27-inch, Mid 2011 3.4 GHz Intel Core i7 16 GB 1333 MHz DDR3 AMD Radeon HD 6970M 2048 MB Mac OS X Lion 10.7 (11A511)
It happened after I shut down the computer after install and rebooted a few days later. Dock was jittery, windows opened slowly and when using launch pad.. all the icons were slicing in half horizontally when trying to swipe to the next set.
I did a permissions repair and followed that with a Verify disk. It was the "Verify Disk" that crashed my system. After I rebooted, everything was operating normally. I rechecked the permissions and found most permissions were repaired. I verified the disk and it responded as "OK" (SSD hard drive). I have not had an issue since.
I took note of the permissions I thought might be reponsible.. although I am not sure. Here they are:
Permissions differ on “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/nl.lproj/app/javascript.js”; should be lrwxrwxrwx ; they are lrwxr-xr-x .
Repaired “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/nl.lproj/app/javascript.js”
Permissions differ on “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/it.lproj/app/javascript.js”; should be lrwxrwxrwx ; they are lrwxr-xr-x .
Repaired “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/it.lproj/app/javascript.js”
Permissions differ on “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/es.lproj/app/javascript.js”; should be lrwxrwxrwx ; they are lrwxr-xr-x .
Repaired “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/es.lproj/app/javascript.js”
Permissions differ on “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/fr.lproj/app/javascript.js”; should be lrwxrwxrwx ; they are lrwxr-xr-x .
Repaired “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/fr.lproj/app/javascript.js”
Permissions differ on “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/de.lproj/app/javascript.js”; should be lrwxrwxrwx ; they are lrwxr-xr-x .
Repaired “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/de.lproj/app/javascript.js”
Permissions differ on “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/ja.lproj/app/javascript.js”; should be lrwxrwxrwx ; they are lrwxr-xr-x .
Repaired “usr/share/devicemgr/frontend/admin/ja.lproj/app/javascript.js”
Permissions differ on “Library/Printers”; should be drwxr-xr-x ; they are drwxrwxr-x .
Group differs on “Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf.plist”; should be 80; group is 0.
Repaired “Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf.plist”
ACL found but not expected on “private/var/db/launchd.db/com.apple.launchd”
Repaired “private/var/db/launchd.db/com.apple.launchd”
There were other repairs but related to Epson scanners and ARD.