I have now created a smart mailbox as described above (good idea), and although I have some 50 messages in my Sent box, all with attachments (waiting to be removed so I can store the messages in the proper mailboxes), the smart mailbox is empty. So, Mail doesn't recognise these messages as containing attachments.
This led me to think that maybe Mail has been redesigned to work the way you would expect it to, at last; to contain a link to attachments instead of including them in all their bits and bytes. That would mean that the messages in my Sent box - with attachments - could be stored in local (or server-side) mailboxes without taking up extensive space.
But then I checked the size of my Sent Messages folder inside the Mail Folder in Finder, and - whoops - it's 50+ MB. So the sent messages do contain attachments all right. And Mail doesn't recognise these, since a) the smart mailbox trick says that the messages are free from attachments, and b) the Remove Attachments menu option is disabled.
I will have to wait for the next Mail update, and my Sent box will grow accordingly ...