This will be somewhat verbose..
My tests so far were focused on extending standby time. My setup includes an allways on VoIP connection. The connection is set up via TCP, with 900 seconds timeout, as I move frequently and connectivity might change even on 3G. This may not be typical setup, but is currently of interest to me.
By far the most significant improvement was the Network Settings Reset. I had only couple of wifi networks remembered, so there must be some issue with the GSM carrier. Perhaps some pre-programming or provisioning by the carrier... I don't yet have explanation of this issue. (needs more testing)
It is also possible that the new modem firmware in 9A406 has improved 3G performance, but I hasted to install it before doing enough tests to gather usable statistics.
I verified that for standby, having WiFi ON at all times is better than 3G. Not significant, but noticeable few percent improvement.
"Ask to Join Networks" is disabled -- useful feature, but definitely causing more radio work. This setting should not have much effect in standby, unless you have very fluctuating wifi coverage, but I have not verified this yet.
If it has significant impact on standby, then there is a software issue that has to be resolved.
I am not done with this experiment yet.
I have disabled automatic send of diagnostics data. Not confident this has much to do with battery drain in standby. But one thing worth noting is that before Restore to 9A406, the number of reports was very high. After the restore, for few days there was not single report -- last two days I have few lowmemory reports, caused by Mail -- I have configured the client to fetch 1000 messages from the server and my Inbox is much larger.
I am not done with this experiment yet.
Siri is disabled. Especially the "Raise to Speak" feature. I find it quite annoying when answering an VoIP call, that Siri would wake up and listen to what I have to say to the other party, then claiming she didn't understand what I asked
I believe, there is no need to disable Siri in order to conserve battery -- just disable "Raise to Speak".
Perhaps, Siri will not wake up during normal voice call --- so there should be some arrangement to not wake up during VoIP call as well.
According to the description of how the infrared sensor whorks however, leaving "Raise to Speak" enabled during extensive use of the iPhone would additionaly and unnecesary drain the battery.
I have removed number of applications, many of which had Notifications in the lock screen. Such applications are supposed to get chance to run during standby. This is likely to lead to significant improvement in battery life.
One of the issues of 'poor battery life' is the need for the litium-ion battery to recharge few times to be able to keep more charge.
Each new charge cycle improves battery life, so this only supports this well known fact.
I suspect that iPhone 4S might come with new battery that needs few more cycles to condition and this contributes to the suboptimal initial experience.
Having large number of applications that can use Location services is causing more battery drain. The GPS unit apparently consumes more and some of the services would additionaly send data via 3G at the same time. Presumably, the 'asisted' GPS also engages all radios.
Other settings that my iPhone has:
Bluetooth is ON, I have apparently forgot to switch it off, but no devices are connected.
iTunes Sync is ON, it syncs one-two times a day (eventually exchanging some apps, that I tried during the day).
Spotlight search is ON for everything.
Siri is disabled. I have no use of this feature yet: doesn't understand my language and doesn't provide any service in my country.
I have iCloud ON, for Contacts, Calendars, Reminders and Bookmarks, Documents & Data. Photostream is ON as well. Find my iPhone is ON.
Mail is set to fetch every 15 minutes, IMAP, 1000 recent messages.
Twitter is configured.
Location services are ON for Find Friends, Weather and Find My iPhone. System services are all off.
Notifications: Phone, Messages, Reminders, Calendar, Twitter, Find Friends have enabled notifications in the lock screen. Weather widget, Game Center and Stock Windet are with Notification center disabled.