I see so much emotion and clueless guessing going on here, with sporadic posts by folks who actually have a little bit of knowledge - but unfortunately, the facts that get thrown in get lost in the hyperbole and frustration. After all, if someone pays $200-400 for a phone (with contract), they expect it to work, and work when they need it. IF the battery won't give them a full day at work without having to be plugged in, there is something awry unless they are playing graphic-intensive games with the screen brightness turned all the way up (I personally am put off by my screen being turned up much past mid-way unless I am outdoors in the sun).
But what is at play in these "issues"? I suspect there is a combination of several situations at play here - and most that post on this board have no way of really knowing for certain which unless they really go through some serious time (I'm still trying to figure out who has 200 hrs of standby time - because most phones, especially smart phones, are meant to be used. Every Android user I know has to carry a charger with them - they plug it up in the car, in their office, and I have actually had someone ask where an outlet was to plug in their phone when they came to MY office - and it was mid-day (and they later told me the phone had been charged all night)!
So here is a list that I have garnered from here and elsewhere, with my personal comments by some (these are in no particular order):
- Defective Battery - Foxconn/Apple may very well have received a bad lot of batteries that slipped through QC. I would suspect that this knowledge, even if a limited # of batteries are actually to blame, is why many Apple Stores have been just swapping 4s units with little to no question when battery performace is at all questioned - and notice that some on here have swapped several times. Problem is - the only REAL way to figure out of the battery is bad (independent of all other possible issues) is to pull the battery and do some serious testing. Lots of tech labor that Apple really doesn't want to play around with - and nearly no consumers can perform these tests. For Apple, a new iPhone returned for "battery issues" will likely just get refrubed with a fresh battery and put back out in the channel.
- Software Issues -these would fall into two (actually, almost three) areas:
- iOS - there might e a bug in iOS that CAN, under certain specific circumstances, result in poor battery performance. This could be triggered by anything from "just the right" combination apps, useage, and some other possible issues I will liste below.
- Apps themselves - as has been posted - some apps heavily use location services (GPS chip- energy hog), and also use data (wifi and/or cellular data). Add to it pushed data and you have constant use, even when in the background. I know I had an app - don't recall now which one - that if you launched the app, even after you losed it (even from the switcher) - for some reason, the little GPS locator would remain on, and my phone would get pretty hot (this was my previous iPhone 4). Obviously a bug either in the app itself, or in its interface with the iOS caused something to not turn loose of the GPS chip... thus SUPER fast battery drain (it would go through something like 30% per hour even when not used at all). When I delted that app, and did a reset - the problem never came back.
- Jailbreak/hacks - While some won't admit here on Apple's board - in fear of repurcussions, I do know from past experience that jailbreaking an iPhone, even if you don't install many hacks or non-Apple approved apps - ALWAYS reduced battery life. Different versions of the iOS and the jailbreaking software would sometimes make a little difference - but patches to the OS, by their nature, will utilize more resources - just how much quite variable. Add to that - many of those Cydia-served hacks can create some interesting issues that, while they work, are not always the most graceful or efficient.
- Another often overlooked issue - spotty cellular coverage, even in what should be "strong" urban areas. Just walking around the building here where my office is - I can see dramatically different signal strengths indicated - from what I would call great, to nearly no signal (metal building). Driving around this city, while I haven't found where I literally am notified of "no service", I do hit areas that, while the phone indicates there is decent signal, the actual service is horrible - and this applies to all carriers. Where AT&T is strong, Verizon, Sprint, and others may not be, and vice-versa. This is one reason that shopping for cellular carriers should always involve actually researching beyond that generic and highly suspect "coverage map" they like to show you. I have been in areas that Verizon claimed to have service - but Verizon-based phones were inoperable, yet my iPhone, on AT&T could make and receive calls and send text messages - although the service wasn't good - and this in an area that AT&T didn't even show (at the time) having coverage. Another related factor - 3G - it has some limits that nobody wants to admit - including the fact that bandwidth can get gobbled up. Further - the signal can do funny things, even within walking distance of a tower. I was told by an Altell tech (Just before the aquisition by Verizon) that 3G signals are far more "directional" - and the antennas on cell towers in most areas are "aimed" at certain coverage targets - such as maximizing coverage on an interestate highway, or a high-concentration business district. You can be just a few degrees off axis of the pattern, and signal will fall off. I have asked around others, including my current carrier - AT&T, and after prodding was basically told the same thing. All phones struggle when 3G signal is unstable - expecially if you are moving in and out of where the signal can reach you. Smartphones are particularly vulnerable to data issues because of the relatively large amount of data they are constantly sending and receiving.
- Battery Condition - As some have posted - all rechargable batteries have quirks. Lithium Ion batteries are not like Alkaline batteries which are strongest when fresh, or the old NiCd rechargable batteries that are best when new and immediately and fairly dramatically lose capacity over time. Lithium Ion batteries need to be "stretched" a bit before they are at their peak. Apple's suggestion is to allow the phone to run down till it shuts off, then plug it up and allow it to charge fully - and to do this on a semi-regular basis. Obstensively, this follows the instructions for MacBooks - to maximize battery life. But it also has an effect on the material of the battery. It takes a few cycles before the battery is the most efficient. This is also related to what some have posted about after they finally did a "full" discharge and recharge - the battery life improved - this is both because of the on-battery chip being callibrated by this action, and by (assuming a new phone/battery) that "stretching" of the battery.
- And finally - I would list User Error - I'm not pointing fingers, but some people's usage patterns, the treatment of the phone (physically), and the load of apps, music, videos, and other data they inflict on their iDevice just simply eats up resources. Keep your phone in extreme heat - battery life will diminish. same thing for cold - temperature extremes are bad for batteries, regardless of technology. Also - what does Apple consider "usage"? Is it actual "talk time", or is it anytime the phone is not in standby/sleep/locked state? We don't grasp how much we "use" our iPhones. I can believe that I talked on it for 1hr 40 minutes yesterday. But how much time did I spend simply checking email, reading/writing text messages, doing a few google searches, tweeting, checking/posting on Facebook, etc. If the screen is "active", the phone is "in use". And this on top of the use that is going on all the time (how else do we get that ding sound of email coming in, even when we haven't picked up the phone in the last hour?) I have my iPhone 4s set up with 6 email accounts (including that new iCloud account) I have cut back how often it actually checks email (30 minute intervals now instead of 15 minutes). I can see a bit of difference in my battery. And I wonder how many of those complaining about battery life are the same folks with a PC laptop that, at its best, can run 4-5 hours - but they run it with all the settings set to the highest performance setting, even when unplugged, so that they can barely get an hour or two per charge...
And let me just state in closing one fact that I belive all of us are overlooking. What are we asking our iPhones to do? Really? Other than screen size, lack of a real keyboard or media drive/external devices - my iPhone 4 is exponentially "more powerful" and more "capable" than my old iBook I replaced last year. And the battery life is comparable to that iBook when it was far newer. An the old iBook couldn't send and make calls (unless you consider the old kludge version of skype I attempted to run - obviously without video - on it), nor could it browse the internet without plugging in a cable or connecting to WiFi.
Apple has control over some of the items listed above - or at least some degree of control. But notice one of the biggest complaints about Apple/iOS - Apple's lockdown and "big-brother" method of control. If we think this is a problem, then go ahead and go with an Android (or Windows) based phone. You will find, just as in the PC world, the less control the OS-maker exercises, the more troubles and issues arise. As I posted above - Android phones, while often boasting of some pretty spectacular specifications on battery life - I don't know of a single one that comes close to stated claims. For that matter - my last non-smart phone was a Motorola Rzor flip phone. Was a pretty good phone, but never came close to the talk/standby time Moto adversized...