I had the same problem, Poor battery issues right out of the box. I followed some recommendations for resetting network settings, deleting icloud, reset phone, etc.....and calibrated battery and I had a perfect phone for about 4 days.....Yesterday, the battery started returning to horrible life.
Today, took the phone to apple store, told them everything that happened, they gave me a new phone. I set it up in store as new phone, the battery was at 73% when i turned it on.....I left the store, and went to one other store in the mall, and walked to my car for a total of about 15 minutes. I looked at my phone, and it was at 65%.....I promptly walked back into the apple store and showed the manager and he tried to tell me that was normal and I shouldnt look at the percentage numbers......I about died laughing......I told him this thread was 80 pages long and he looked it up and said oh.......At this point he tried to tell me that the 4s was different than the 4 and was not an apples to apples comparison.....I agreed in point, but then reminded him that my battery life went from poor to perfect for 4 days and back to poor so there has to be something running in the background....I charged my phone to 100%, sent 6 text messages, and the usage stats showed it had been used for 1 hour and 16 minutes......My % went down to 86 after 6 text messages only.......
SO, bottom line, i returned my 2nd phone for a full refund and got a new sim card for my Iphone 4 and now life is back to normal.....I will be happy to buy another 4s as soon as this crap is figured out in the next month or so....Until then, my Iphone 4 is still at 81% after being in use most of the day......I think this speaks for itself......
Good Luck to others with the 4s.....FYI, I had the black 32gb model 4s....