I have been testing my battery for the last two weeks. I was annoyed by the less than promising battery life my 4S was getting. My previous last restore had been at the end of February, but during that restore my issue had never gone away, most likely because I restored from a backup. This last time, on Sunday April15, I did a DFU restore and set up as new.
Like others said and suggested throughout the last few months, I let my phone do a complete cycle before charging it back up and doing the restore-as-new when it was at 100%. My immediate results prior to the restore were 6hr 5m usage, 13 hr 45m standby (saved a note but didn't save the screenshot). This was with 1% left (before charging it up for the restore). WiFi was on, cellular data was off, most location services off (all system services off), and it was my usual use at home on my off days: Tweetbot (updating probably every 30-45 min), iMessage (consistent throughout the day, hundreds of messages), playing local music (1-2 hours), some Pandora streaming (maybe 1 hour), with manual email enabled. I never use bluetooth, brightness is always about 50% on with auto enabled as well. Of course, iCloud is also on all the time.
After setting up as new, I took a few hours to download my purchased apps, videos, TV shows, and some photo albums from Dropbox. While this happened, I also fixed my iTunes Match (finally) from an issue I had (began in Nov, fixed April 15 https://discussions.apple.com/message/16961620#16961620)
After downloading all that and setting up my settings, I turned on my newly fixed iTunes Match and completed the setup as new. Since most of the time was spent downloading, I let my iPhone sit and charged it all the way back up, but due to work, wasn't able to get down to finally realistically testing it until my next off day on Wednesday (April 18). These "first" results were fantastic.

Almost all the same settings as above were enabled, except I purposely used the phone more. Push email as enabled for my Gmail, iCloud and Yahoo accounts now. I had also turned on iTunes Match, which was previously not in use. I played my Match music for approximately 2 and half hours, still used iMessage and Tweetbot (and some other apps, WhatsApp, Facebook, like before) as normal. Didn't do any Pandora this time but did catch up on my YouTube subscriptions, and like I said, the rest was the same. Sans the results, which were almost an hour and a half longer. I was happy. The following Saturday, I got a full day testing again (also, note these tests have been at home on WiFi only/no 3G as noted above) I more of less did the same usage, still Push email, Match, same heavy data usage and messaging. These were those results:

I justified the lower usage time with the fact that I had let the iPhone sit in standby (aka without use) for a whole hour and a half hour longer than before. Even with heavier use and settings than before my restore, my phone was lasting longer under my continuous use.
Unfortunately, 3G still takes a toll on the iPhone's battery, as I found out today. On my first off day this week, I finally got to testing my iPhone again, except this time i left my 3G on. I knowingly did this to see how long the phone would last, as I know 3G is horrible in my area (as is reception in general, for all major carriers). Here were my results; I should also note something peculiar I saw with 3G on. Everytime I've been on WiFi only, my phone never seems to drop off the WiFi even while locked/asleep, as it has no backend data network to fall back on anyway, yet I still got all my data notifications and such. Today, every time I would go wake my phone from sleep, I could actually see the phone attempting to reconnect to WiFi; upon waking, the GPRS or 3G signal (depending on strength) would show up for about 5-10 seconds before reconnecting to Wifi. this told me that the entire time the phone was asleep today, it was trying to connect to 3G (thus search constantly for a very weak signal, working harder) instead of my WiFi network, for whatever reason. This had never happened before even when I had my iPhone 4 on iOS 4.

Results were horrible. I noticed something was off this morning because when I awaoke, phone on the charger, it had only reached (or was stuck) at 97% over a 6 hour sleep. This had also never happened before. Just on standby, I could literally watch the phone drop percentage points rapidly, probably 1% every few minutes, depending on the usage. Usage, again, was my normal use, except without any music playback until the end. As you can see, I was playing music at the very last 4-5% to try and extend my usage as much as possible (not just standby). This horrible battery life was what I would get on an average workday, where I'm not around WiFi 100% of the shift, and where 3G is always on in the background. But this was by far the worst I've ever had with normal use (I have pushed my phone to its limits with gaming and HD video, which is understandable, in the past).
I've charged up my phone now and turned off cell data to avoid that nightmare again, hoping my battery life will still be okay, and it really was just the 3G/cell data ruining my device. Sorry for the long post, but I'm hoping for any thoughts, feedback, discussion on what I can do differently to avoid horrible 3G battery life (please note again: I didn't use the phone in 3G; any time I used it was on WiFi, but it seemed to try and use 3G while on standby). Any feedback is appreciated