I've been following this discussion on a couple of the other discussion boards where users are dealing with this same issue. Two of the things that have been reported as causing a significant drain have been email notifications from a Microsoft Exchange server - which seems to be creating some kind of a continuous loop that is keeping the processor constantly running and generating heat as well as sucking power - AND syncing with iCloud - so far no technical reason given for this.
Some users have reported syncing there phone with iTunes and then restoring it from iTunes as a NEW phone and then restoring their data has helped. Others have noted that turning off Push notifications has helped, although this seems to again be primarily for those who are using an Exchange email server.
A few other points users have noted...using Siri has NOT made any difference, and WiFi vs 3G hasn't made any difference in their test results. I can not confirm any of these reports as I have not yet run my own independent tests, however as near as I can tell, I am not affected by the problem. I am syncing to a Yahoo mail account and am not using iCloud in my configuration.
It also bears noting that the 4s is my first iPhone so I don't have any personal experience with previous versions to compare to, but overall my battery life seems adequate. It is certainly MUCH better than my previous Droid Charge that ran on the Verizon 4G network. 4G kills your battery in a REAL hurry...and that is what ultimately prompted me to drop Android and make the move to iOS! I am totally thrilled with the iOS experience so far and am kicking myself for not having made this move LONG before now!
I will post back if I either hear other useful information or have any relevant test results that may be of use.