The Mac is capable of being a File Sharing Server using multiple different protocols, but only after you enable that service in
System Preferences > Sharing
If you want to use standard Windows "Server Message Block" (SMB) File Sharing protocol, there are additional screens there you will have to fill out.
In addition you need to have a Guest Account present on your Mac, and it must be enabled for File Sharing (but not necessarily for login).
Windows computers do not acknowledge that there are ANY other kinds of computers in the world, so not providing its files to share is expected behavior. But here are instructions if you want to bad enough:
If all you really wanted was Printer sharing, install Bonjour for Windows to make the Printers visible to your Mac:
Bonjour Print Services for Windows