Look, this is very simple to duplicate, and I can almost guarantee it happens on every single time capsule running a 7.6.x firmware.
1. Open terminal on your mac, and type: sudo syslog -w
2. Open finder, locate your time capsule in the left pane, and browse to its internal drive
3. Wait 24 hours.
4. Observe this pattern showing up every 5 minutes in your syslog.
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko.local KernelEventAgent[41] <Notice>: tid 00000000 received event(s) VQ_NOTRESP (1)
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko.local KernelEventAgent[41] <Notice>: tid 00000000 type 'afpfs', mounted on '/Volumes/oldvault', from '//Kalani%20Thompson@Auryn._afpovertcp._tcp.local/oldvault', not responding
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: ASP_TCP Disconnect: triggering reconnect by bumping reconnTrigger from curr value 50 on so 0xffffff803a6d2390
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: ASP_TCP asp_tcp_usr_control: invalid kernelUseCount 0
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect started /Volumes/oldvault prevTrigger 50 currTrigger 51
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect: doing reconnect on /Volumes/oldvault
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect: posting to KEA EINPROGRESS for /Volumes/oldvault
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect: Max reconnect time: 30 secs, Connect timeout: 15 secs for /Volumes/oldvault
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect: connect to the server /Volumes/oldvault
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko.local KernelEventAgent[41] <Notice>: tid 00000000 found 1 filesystem(s) with problem(s)
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko.local KernelEventAgent[41] <Notice>: tid 00000000 received event(s) VQ_NOTRESP (1)
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect: Logging in with uam 13 /Volumes/oldvault
Mar 15 23:10:12 zuko kernel[0] <Debug>: AFP_VFS afpfs_DoReconnect: get the reconnect token
AFP is a fairly robust protocol and just because the OS isn't throwing a dialog on the screen to let you know it's given up, doesn't mean there's not a problem.
If you would like to see a more catastrophic failure, replace step 2 with this: Finder -> Go -> Connect to Server. Type: cifs://[your time capsule name]/data
And in 24 hours you will see a complete failure, resulting in a lock-up of the network file service.
I'm already past the "let's try and get tech support to fix this" and neck deep in "It's time to talk to the execs and do something about Q/C" because the real problem is not that my time capsule doesn't do what it's supposed to. The real problem is, they've released a firmware into the wild for the last year that doesn't work properly, and despite my arm-waving and having done all the troubleshooting and legwork for them to pass a ticket to the developers.... nobody at Apple seems to care.
I'll let you know how this goes.