Actual "viruses" for the Mac are for all intents and purposes, non-existent.
That is not to say that there is no "malware". Every so often, there is a Trojan or two that one must be watchful for. Any competent security software, such as ClamXav is somewhat adept at keeping older Trojans at bay, and newer ones as they update the malware definitions.
But Trojans, by and large, are equally defended against by user vigilance. By definition, "Trojans" are malware inserted into, or masquerading as legitimate software wherein the user allows installation. Fortunately, OS X places a step before installation or execution of any new software, which requires the admin to verify by administrative password. This is to hopefully prevent the unintended installation of any code, be it malicious or otherwise. "Hopefully", because it depends on the user to decide what is trusted versus untrusted software.
It comes down to this... If the user is "savvy" enough to avoid installing any software that might be infected (which is quite rare, by the way), then anti-malware software is a simple redundancy at the expense of the "baggage" that the security software brings along with it. Obviously, it takes up space. It consumes memory, when activated. It consumes CPU resources. But the real issue is all the "little" annoyances, such as compatibility with legitimate software, and even the OS itself. The reported instances of these are much greater than the number of "success stories" evident. Especially for the experienced user, who sees little need for occasional hand-holding that an AV software affords. In fact, I would put it that it affords just as much a false sense of security, as it does real security. If you rely on security software, you may become complacent, and install software you might otherwise not do, and even the AV isn't going to be overwhelmingly effective against new Trojans for which definitions are not yet integrated into the protection scheme.
Opinions on this matter vary widely. And while I think a case could be made for the inexperienced user to install an AV, for me I find it wholly a unnecesary step that just consumes time, effort, and resources I would not want to allocate. Yeah, I know people want to harp on Clam's rather low usages, in relative terms. But until Apple shows any inclination to propose an need, I feel just fine without it.