A hint, perhaps it is not the case for everyone, but ... it might be a failing system hard drive!
I find it hard to believe, too, but try this... (It will not fix your system, but it might save you some money)
I have had the same issues like the user here:
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4825519?start=0&tstart=0
Like for many of you, the hardware check went along fine. But now I know better not to rely on it again.
Anyway, i wanted to reinstall the system, just to see if it could help any before paying a mountain of money to Apple "geniuses". It didn't work, could not boot from cd no matter what. Only "safe mode" and "single user mode" were accessible. So, i went to check the drive using single user mode. If you don't know how to do that, go here, and follow carefully the instructions for: "Boot Into Single User Mode"
http://macs.about.com/od/faq1/f/emergencystart.htm
Follow the instructions closely, especially the part with repeating the fsck command!
In my case, i had to do it a couple of times until the message "FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED" went away.
After the boot... Lo and behold, no stripes, and mac boots up into standard mode!
Sadly, this will not fix anything. After some time, the artifacts started showing up again, and crash occurred.
But, at least I have my suspect! :)
And, the results using this method are repeatable and consistent.
So, to conclude, to me all the symptoms so far support Hard drive damage. To recap:
- Removing data helps some because there is less chance that system will hit the bad sector.
- Removing startup items, (that are cached on the disk) helps others.
- Using less apps that make big swap files helps some, too...
- Changing gfx and logic boards did not alleviate the problem. (Because the disk is the issue?)
Now, some of you did exchange your drives. Hm. I don't have idea here...
Perhaps the new drives were faulty? Perhaps the drive image copied was faulty, too?
Perhaps it was really the gfx or logic board?
... in my case, you people were probably right, it is not the graphics hardware! But, again, it is hardware ;) hard drive!
There. i will try to replace the hdd when i catch some time. Probably cheaper than letting "geniuses" fix it.
I HOPE this can save us some money...
... I have just realized that Mr. Tom Nelson from about.com was the key person in solving so many Mac issues for me! I should let him know I'm grateful! :)