How do I link my iPad to my iPhone network if my iPad does not have a cellular data option

Through wifi.

If your iPad had a cellualr data connection, you would not need to link it to your iPhone network. It would connect to the cellualr data network itself.

How do you connect to the web with only wi-fi on your iPad?

You find a WiFi hotspot to connect with.

If you have a mobile hot spot data plan on your iPhone then you can tether, which means to share data from your iPhone to connect your iPad. AT&T also has new mobile shares plans that give you this ability.

If you have a Wi-Fi only iPad, then you can connect using a mobile Wi-Fi hotspot. The iPhone has a feature, known as tethering, where it can share it's cellular data plan as a Wi-Fi hotspot. For this to work you must be on a compatible data plan with your mobile carrier. You can turn on the hotspot feature in your iPhone settings. This will create a new Wi-Fi network from your iPhone, which you can then connect to using your iPad. Check here for more details: http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4517

Some mobile carriers, such as AT&T in the United States and 3 in the UK, also sell specific mobile hotspot hardware.