It doesn't matter when you installed antivirus software; if you have it on your computer it will frequently block access from applications to sites it does not know about. A sync does not require access to a site not on your computer; an upgrade clearly does. So if you have never jailbroken any device you do not need to be concerned about your hosts file, but you DO need to temporarily disable your antivirus during the update process.
The hosts file is an operating system file on all computers that overrides DNS lookup. In order to jailbreak or hack an iDevice the programs that do it need to redirect iTunes so it does not go to the Apple activation server, but instead goes to the hacking program for activation instructions. It does this by adding a record to the hosts file that bypasses the DNS lookup for gs.apple.com. But you don't have to be concerned about this.