I have the same problem. I upgraded my "MacBookPro Mid2010" from Lion to Mountain Lion three days ago and battery life is 3:18 at full charge with only Firefox, Adium and Mail running... the Activity Monitor shows 97,13% iddle and all applications I have installed are perfectly compatible.
It used to be 5-6 hours with Lion, till three days ago... so it's definitely Mountain Lion, there is no other option. So I expect there will be an update or a patch to solve this problem.
Note: I did not install from zero, I upgraded from Lion. I don't know if that could be the reason too... but there is no excuse even in that case to that decrease of battery life.
CPU: Intel 2.8Ghz Core i7
RAM: 8 GB 1067Mhz DD3
HDD: 500 GB SATA2 7200rpm
Graphic Card: NVIDIA GeForce GT 330M 512 MB