I'm hoping for an urgent fix for this too. I'm running Mountain Lion on a new MacBook Pro Retina, and on first firing up Logic to do some recording today, I'm having the same static/robotic distortion on the track too.
Using OSX ML 10.8, with Logic 9.1.7, with a Focusrite Saffire 6 (USB1 version I think) with a Neumann TLM103 plugged in.
I've since found that Apogee are making a big deal about their preamps being fully Mountain Lion compatible, so am thinking it's the Saffire that's currently out of date, software/firmware/driver wise.
Logic does record ok for me if I change the input recording device to built in mic/display mic, and plays back fine (crap quality, obviously, but not distorted etc) but when changing back to using the Saffire as input, (after a couple of reboots etc of Logic and the whole Mac, it still comes out distorted.
At this stage, because this is critical to my line of work (voiceovers) I'm tempted to buy an Apogee One and giving it a whirl, and potentially selling my Saffire if there isn't a fix likely coming soon. Something like this is business critical and I can't afford to have downtime.
SO frustrating!!!!!
Will be interested to see anyone else's experiences/setups to see if there's a trend regarding Focusrite etc.