This issue is a crying shame! 600,000 views and 2,400 posts, the vast majority of which have this problem. Shame on you, Apple.
My battery was dying very quickly too. 12 minutes on you tube, and the battery went from 100% to 82%. 1% per minute! I think I found a way to fix this. I rebooted my phone (power and home buttons pressed until the Apple logo goes out) 2 or 3 times. Each time, I reset every setting (Settings/general/reset > Erase all content and settings), and every time it booted up, I took it through the set up as a new phone, not restoring from backups. To make sure everything was working, I set up my usual email or other activity, then rebooted and restored erased all content.
When I got home, I did the same, again, more than once, but connected to my iMac. I have not configured my less-commonly used emails, activated iCloud, fiddled with settings like sounds, etc, nor let the kids play on it yet.It is now running much cooler than it was, and the battery is not dying before my eyes. I have NOT restored from any backups and not sure I will.
Apple needs to include this type of instructions when a change like iOS changes cause so many issues. I am sure a few steps of what I did were not necessary, but at least it worked (for me).
Good luck everyone!
JJ