I found this thread after similar problems since updating my iPhone 4 to iOS6 - when I went to bed last night my iPhone showed 51% charged - 8 hours of standby laster it had switched off as the battery had run out! So that's probably less than 8 hours before draining unless it happened to switch off just before I picked it up. And that makes my iPhone practically unusable - it wouldn't even last a train journey with some usage.
Many of the responses on this thread talk about messing around with some of the more esoteric settings and functions. While that might have some effect, it's not acceptable to have to do that - the whole point of an iPhone is that it has lots of functions compared with an old phone/text only phone. Many iPhone users won't have the knowledge of inclination to do that but will just look to something else (Android) when they get around to upgrading.
I'm going to try backup/restore from my iMac. That feels to me as if it is the most likely problem - something got corrupted in the update - given that this only seems to affect some users rather than being a universal problem (my wife's 3GS seems fine - battery is good even with tethering switched on). But it's not acceptable for Apple to pretend there isn't a problem - even just an acceptance that the update gets corrupted on occasion and suggesting backup/restore as a solution. I'm not a "Cult of Jobs" type but Apple does seem to be making these basic errors more and more often lately - the reason I and many others buy Apple is because we don't suffer this sort of nonsense like Windows users seem to.