UPDATE:
I left the MBP unplugged over night and then tried to start it up this morning. The MBP still did not start. I left it alone for another 5 hours. I plugged in the charger and the amber light came on. Since the black out, the magsafe light was a faint green color that I could barely see. I was very happy to see the amber light turn back on.
When I opened the computer, I heard the CD drive (MBP late 2011) try and spin. I was happy to actually see some life back in the computer. So before I pressed the power button, I reset the SMC as directed in the post above. Immediately I heard the comptuer start working and saw the light on the front of the MBP turn on. All the times before when I tried to reset the SMC, the computer did not respond at all. After it looked like it reset, I pressed the power button and the screen turned on and booted up...although it seemed to boot up slower.
Anyways, I am now typing this message on the MBP. Everything seems to be working normally. The battery was at 0% when it booted up and now it is at 9% and charging normally. Thank you for the posts above. It gave me hope during the blackout that the computer just needed to completely discharge before it would turn back on. It completely discharged and now it working as expected.
A few months prior to the blackout, one of the USB's stopped working and I would have to use the one right next to it and the backlight to the keyboard would stop working and I couldn't turn it back on by pressing the buttons on the keyboard. A week before the blackout, my computer seemed like it would struggle during normal web browsing and the fan would kick into high gear.
Here is exactly what I was doing when the blackout/power surge happened. I had my iPhone 5 plugged in to USB to charge while using bluetooth to tether (becuase the USB port would not communicate any data transfer so I couldn't use the direct tethering method but the USB would charge the phone), I had my headphones plugged into the jack, I was watching the iPhone 5S keynote video, and the MBP was not plugged in.
In all, I waited about 18 hours for the battery to completely discharge and then it worked again.
I tried the USB connection that wasn't working and it charges but does not connect to my iPhone. Could be an issue with the iPhone 5. Everything else works great.
Hope this helps others. Good luck.