No errors pop up, no.
I already read that entire discussion before I posted. I also read all 11 pages of this discussion:
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3376325?start=0&tstart=0
The solution you mention is for people that have corrupt songs, which I have isolated is not my issue.
I've deleted the greyed out songs countless times, and resynced. It still cancels sync on the same "number" song as when it previously did, assuming I have changed no other options.
I have also converted, deleted, and unchecked songs where the sync would be canceled. Most often it will just "cancel sync" at the same "number," which is of course a different song, since the last song was removed, converted, or unchecked.
Corrupt songs are not my issue, because if I drag and drop the individual songs that have "canceled snyc," they transfer without an issue. Sometimes I can get 13 songs to transfer, before sync get cancelled and sometimes I can get a couple thousand, before it cancels. It does not seem to be an issue with particular songs. Not to mention, my iPod Classic has never "canceled sync" prematurely on me, and has no issue with syncing all 6000 of my songs.
I have had moderate success at manually syncing blocks of 500 songs at a time, but that has been far from fullproof, and quite a pain. This has allowed me to get about 2500 songs on my phone, but it's a gruelling process.