Check to make sure that the Ethernet cable connects from one of the three LAN <--> ports on the AirPort Extreme to the WAN "O" port on the Time Capsule.
I assume that you are using a recent operating system on your Mac like Mountain Lion, Mavericks, or Yosemite.
We wil try a shortcut first, in an attempt to avoid having to reset the Time Capsule back to factory default settings and then start over again from scratch.
Open AirPort Utility on the Mac
If the Time Capsule appears, click on it, then click Edit in the smaller window that appears and continue with the steps below. If the Time Capsule does not appear in AirPort Utility, then we'll have to start over again and set it up.
Click the Network tab at the top of the next window
Make sure that the setting for Router Mode is set to Off (Bridge Mode)
Then, click the Wireless tab
Change the setting for Network Mode to Off to turn off the wireless function on the Time Capsule
Click Update at the lower right and give the the Time Capsule a full minute to restart and display a green light. Now you can back up to the Time Capsule over the AirPort Extreme wireless, or connect your Mac directly to one of the LAN <--> ports for a faster connection.
I believe that you have to be the original poster to mark another post as "helpful", "solved", etc....not sure how the rules work in that regard.