I checked in the Aperture library package and the previews are not generated. I have also experimented with importing photo'd from my iphone (jpg's) and my camera (raw) and I have observed the following behaviour:
1. Aperture does not generate any previews when importing jpg's, raw photo's or merging libraries even though I have selected New projects automatically generate previews and always share previews with iLife and iWork (I am importing photos into an existing project but I would expect photo previews to be updated automatically in these cases as well). My statement above that Aperture shared jpg's automatically is therefore incorrect.
2. If I right click on a photo and select update preview, the preview is generated and then the photo is available in the media browser. Aperture does not warn me that there is no preview in the first place.
3. If I edit the photo in Aperture after I have generated a preview (say crop it), the preview does not get updated.
4. Every time a new preview is added to the media browser (by forcing Aperture to generate a preview, the Desktop & Screen Saver preference pane appears to be reloading the whole media library. I surmize this because it takes much longer for Aperture to appear as a source in the preference pane after a preview has been updated.. This is understanable but I have identified another problem with this process: if Aperture is still open when I launch the preference pane, the preference pane cannot update the media library (possibly due to file locks on the preview files by Aperture) and Aperture appears in the source list in the preference pane but with no triangle allowing you to see any Aperture photos. Once this happens the preference pane is unable to show you any Aperture photo's whatever you do (restart pref pane, restart Aperture etc.). You can only resolve this by forcing Aperture to generate a new preview, shutting down Aperture and then launching the preference pane.