Login (keyboard) issues coming out of sleep

Try booting into the Safe Mode and see if you have the same problem:

http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1455

Try going to System Preferences/Security & Privacy/General and deselecting "Require password......", then put the computer to sleep and wake it up.

If the keyboard works normally, go back to the above, select "Require password......" , change what probably reads immediately to some other time interval, then put the computer to sleep and wake it up.

Restart to get everything "normal."

Have you tried using another account to see if the same thing happens?

What happens if you set it to 5 seconds? That should give you better security than an hour if you are somewhere someone might access your machine. The only thing I could find in Apple support documents was a keyboard being unresponsive if the battery charge was low when the computer woke up.

Do you have any third party software installed, like an anti-virus program?

I edited my post suggesting you try another account to see if the same thing happens.

Have you run Disk Utility/Repair Permissions until it comes back clean?

Two other things you can try:

PRAM reset: http://support.apple.com/kb/PH11243

SMC reset: http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3964

That was my next suggestion.

Sorry I couldn't come up with the fix.

If you do get it fixed, would you post how please.

Hi -- I am relieved to see that someone else is having the same keyboard issues - I have been dealing with this for 3 weeks as of today. I think I can shed some light although I don't have the ultimate answer. I have been through countless calls with Apple esp Senior Advisors. All of the problems started with a brand new Macbook Air 13" - purchased 3 weeks ago. We tried recovery, things in safe mode, SMC reset, checked against known good software etc (you can tell I am not technical) I went to the Apple Store and they ran diagnostics on it and even though they didn't think it was a hardware issue they replaced the Macbook Air with a second new one. The SAME thing happened with the brand new Macbook AIr #2. Today I wiped and re-installed and it happened again - exactly the SAME. I don't have any other software or data on my computer except Citrix Receiver - I had to use it for work. So -- if any of you have since figured out the deal - please let me know. I hope that my story helps to narrow down the problem. In my mind -- it is either 2 defective MBA's (unlikely?) or an OSX 10.8.2 problem. I have an appointment with Apple in the morning.

Oh -- I forgot to mention that I tried 2 different external (apple) keyboards and it happened with both just the same. I tried the keyboards with my friend's older (1 year) 11" MBA and the keyboard worked fine - even to log in after sleep