Odd dark spots when I take photos?

So, I noticed that there are these odd dark spots on photos that I take. They only show up against a light background, or when the subject is dark, but they're there nonetheless and they're actually really quite irritating. I don't know how long they've been there, but I've tried cleaning the outer lens and they persist. Can I take this to an Apple store for a replacement? There is some cosmetic damage to the glass on the back, though I know that this spot issue is unrelated to that, as this popped up a week or so before I dropped my phone. I've since gotten a case, of course, but I don't know if they'll dismiss it as it being because I dropped it and won't do anything about it.

Any ideas as to what this could be, and if I could expect the Genius bar to do anything about it? Thanks!