BDAqua,
I hit solved on your last comment because I think you were right about my initial question.
I'm still testing. It goes slowly because I do a lot of work on the machine and don't want to conduct large file copy tests while using the computer for other things... every time a copy goes badly, I end up restarting the mac.
The cable swap did nothing... but weirdly, I swapped which USB socket on my mac I used and had the first successful transfer of a large file since I initially moved the drives. I'll be doing another large file transfer tonight or tomorrow and if that one works well, then it is either the usb port or some intermittent problem in the drive itself.
I did read somewhere that this drive needs to be plugged directly into a computer, not linked via a hub. So maybe somehow one of the usb ports on the mac is not as good as the other. Sounds sketchy, but we'll see.
Thanks for the help on this.