My instructions above will not hurt your system, but only check for and reset default access permissions settings for your user account. This simply ensures everything is running as Apple set it up to run.
When it asks you to authenticate, it is likely because you are placing the files in a part of a system not intended for daily workflow. You mentioned you drag items to your hard drive and then to your desktop. The root of the hard drive is not a location intended to store files for daily use, so this is likely the cause of the authentication screens. Overcoming this is simply a matter of using a different storage place. You can drag the photos directly to your desktop instead of your hard drive, which should be directly allowable without authenticating, However, even this is an extra step that's not needed, since you can directly import the photos into iPhot without having to first put them on your desktop, your hard drive, or in another folder.
If for some reason you get the same errors when trying to copy or move the items to your desktop, then my instructions above are the route to take for correcting this and allowing you full access to your desktop (or other similar folders your account should have full ownership of) without authenticating.