I went through the process of changing this on Wikipedia recently after seeing the same thing as you, and after doing a lot of research and testing figuring out the same as what you uncovered.
1. Neither TLS 1.1 or 1.2 are supported in Safari on OS X, even on the most up-to-date version of OS X (10.8.5) and Safari (6.0.5) only TLS 1.0 is supported. It's really just another example of Safari on OS X being in severe need of some love and attention (the longstanding major graphics glitches were bad enough, and it's been barely updated in a year). I'd definitely just check out Chrome if I were you, I pushed forward trying to use Safari for a very long time but ultimately it's not a patch on Chrome. Safari on OS X is pretty much a footnote, whereas Chrome is the polar opposite.
Chrome has supported TLS 1.1 for almost the past year and the current stable released five weeks ago has full support for TLS 1.2. If you want to be very diligently looked after and safe (not just in regards to TLS), as well as generally being on the bleeding edge of the web you should definitely check out Chrome on OS X.
2. Although no version of Safari on OS X supports 1.1 or 1.2, Safari on iOS is a complete different story. Safari on iOS supports TLS 1.2.
3. No.