Boot Camp emulates a BIOS, so you can install Windows in your MacBook. Macs use EFI and Windows doesn't work properly in EFI mode with the MacBook Pro, at least, with Windows 7 or earlier.
Boot Camp Assistant is a program in OS X that helps you download the drivers you have to install in Windows and create the partition to install Windows.
hamama wrote:
However, it seems that Bootcamp is a program in OS X, i.e. in order to install the boot loader I need to install OS X and run Bootcamp. In other words, it is not possible to boot from an OS X installation CD (from an external CD drive as there is none built in) or thumbdrive and only install Bootcamp without installing OS X. Is this correct?
There isn't any bootloader installed after running Boot Camp Assistant. It just set the Windows DVD as the startup disk, and during the Windows installation, Windows installs its bootloader in order to start Windows with the emulated BIOS.
hamama wrote:
Once I installed Bootcamp and boot into Windows can I see the OS X partition? If so could I use some Windows tool to delete that partition and add it to my Windows partition that I created with Bootcamp? That would allow me to get the full 256GB of the SSD for Windows.
After installing the Boot Camp drivers, you will be able to see your OS X partition in Windows, but you will only be able to read it. You mustn't delete it because you will need it to install firmware updates, so leave it. Also, it's at the top of the hard disk, making it difficult to unify with your Windows partition