Q: My remninders and contacts sync with the cloud but my different calendars and notes do not, and theyre all set up the same way. Anyone know why?

Welcome to the Apple Community.

Calendars

1. First check that all your settings are correct, that calendar syncing is checked on all devices (system preferences > iCloud on a mac and settings > iCloud on a iPhone, iPad or iPod).
2. Make sure the calendars you are using are in your 'iCloud' account and not an 'On My Mac', 'On My Phone' or other non iCloud account (you can do this by clicking/tapping the calendar button in the top left corner of the application ), non iCloud calendars will not sync.
3. If you are sure that everything is set up correctly and your calendars are in the iCloud account, you might try unchecking calendar syncing in the iCloud settings, restarting your device and then re-enabling calendar syncing settings.

Notes

1. First check that all your settings are correct, that notes syncing (mail and notes on a computer) is checked on all devices (system preferences > iCloud on a mac and settings > iCloud on a iPhone, iPad or iPod).
2. Make sure the notes you are adding are added to your 'iCloud' account and not an 'On My Mac', 'On My Phone'  or other non iCloud account (you can do this by checking in accounts on an iOS device, or the left side panel in mail on a computer), non iCloud notes will not sync.
3. If you are sure that everything is set up correctly and your notes are in the iCloud group, you might try unchecking notes syncing (mail and notes on a computer) in the iCloud settings, restarting your device and then re-enabling notes syncing.

Which device are these notes and calendars on.

Are you using Google calendars.

I don't know much about Google calendars except that you can't get them to sync with iCloud, if you sync them with iCloud they won't sync with Google.

For calendars, if iCloud calendars is enabled, disable it and then re-enable it and choose merge when prompted.