I believe I'm having the same issue. A few days ago I subscribed to iTunes Match with the goal of being able to listen to uploaded songs on my Apple TV2. I was particularly interested in songs that I didn't purchase from iTunes and aren't even available through iTunes.
My main iTunes library resides on an old Windows XP machine with iTunes 11.1. After subscribing on the XP machine, then turning on Match on my iphone 4S (iOS 7), I had access to my library on the iphone - including the uploaded songs.
I've turned on iTunes Match on the Apple TV but there's no sign of any songs from my library except those purchased through iTunes.
Any suggestions appreciated.