Ok so now were getting somewhere. When you tap 'this iphone' it states the backup is incomplete. Which means when you were attempting to create a backup there was some type of interruption and it didn't complete. Therefore it's useless and only taking up space. You need to delete this incomplete backup titled 'this iphone'.
After tapping on backup "this iphone" you should be able to scroll to the bottom and tap 'delete backup'
This will remove that backup allowing you to backup the current content on your iphone to the cloud.
You need to be connected to wifi near your router to create a backup. I also recommend you connect your iphone to a power outlet when creating the backup. You can start a backup from settings>iCloud>Storage and Backup>Back Up Now
It might take a while to backup. Just let it sit and make sure your wifi signal is good.
Let me know how that goes and good luck!