New to this list. I had similar loss but NOT on Western Digital drives - a Drobo Raid and three Seagate (all connected via Thunderbolt.)
Want others to know this affects ANY DIRECT ATTACHED stroaqge, not just WD, but the "villain" is clearly the WD DriveManager app that was installed ages ago to support a WD Raid 0 I have.
IWWs fine on Mavericks for several weeks. The lastweek I plugged in a WD MyBook. It trahsed the Drobo, and all three Seagate drives. The WD DriveManager tried to name ALL volumes "MyBook" (a rather telling clue as to what did it, and succeeded on all but "seconf" partitions on two Seagate drives, AND succeeeded in erasing (or quirck formatting?) each voilume it named.
I updated to WD's new drivemanager AFTER the event,m and Uninstalled that. (WD had provided an uninstaller, but threw that away when they did the late-Novewmber update.)
In my case, I lost an SVN repository drive, my TimeMachine, and my PRIMARY data source the Drobo. Fortunately I have cloud-based back up for the latter.