I just spent two days resolving this issue with Apple Support. I tried everything right from booting in safe mode to erasing my HD and re-installing Mavericks clean. I reset the system management controller (SMC) and NVRAM, repaired disk permissions, etc, etc, etc.
Everytime I logged back in, com.apple.IconServicesAgent jumped to the top of the activity monitor and used up 3/4 of my RAM. Soon after that the computer would heat up and the fans would come on full speed.
What eventually worked was uninstalling a program I had installed called iStat Menus. It was for monitoring internal temperatures and CPU performance. I used the included uninstaller to completely remove it and I downloaded Memory Clean from the App Store https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/memory-clean/id451444120?mt=12
As soon as I did those two things, the process disappeared from my activity monitor and my Macbook is back to running like it did before I upgraded to Mavericks.
It's strange because I booted in Safe Mode (which should have disabled any 3rd party software) and the problem was still there. If you have 3rd party software on your mac, such as VLC, antivirus programs, etc. try uninstalling them, cleaning your memory with Memory Clean, repair disk permissions. It's a lot easier than spending an hour re-installing Mavericks.