Depending on the OS X version you have in the computer,
the options available in Preview may vary somewhat.
Are you looking to resize just one page/image of a .pdf?
You could make a screen capture of it then change that.
And if you'd modified the default capture from .png to jpg
then it's even easier to do more with it later on.
And if the image itself is fairly good quality, enough to get
a clear image capture in screenshot (or if Grab would do)
resizing in Preview or in an empty browser window is easy.
You can make other screenshots to capture a changed size.
I'm sure there probably is another way to do it in software,
maybe even a pro application to extract images if the .pdf
is not locked or copywrite protected in content. I've used
a minimalistic way & that does OK for most things in Mac.
Good luck & happy computing! 🙂