podcasts not syncing with Podcasts app

I have set iTunes to sync "5 most recent unplayed" on my iPhone. I have set my iPhone to both "all unplayed" and "last 5". In neither case do the 5 most recent unplayed episodes of a given podcast appear on my iPhone. Ideas how to troubleshoot? iTunes says there are 153 unplayed episodes in that podcast (and all are marked with the full blue circle), so it is not that there simply aren't any. My iPhone has enough space on it, and it appears to have sync'ed completely - the podcasts just aren't there when I go to look for them.

iPhone 4s, iOS 7.0.4, iTunes 11.1.4.

Thanks for any help.