Q: FaceTime camera stopped working

jakojako wrote:... info regarding your rights as a consumer in the EU... Apple is not exactly forthcoming with information to the general public...

It is unfortunate that you have are having difficulty finding warranty or consumer rights information for your Apple products.  I am only a user like you, but my guess is that, whether in EU or elsewhere, Apple Warranty information is provided in accordance with local laws and regulations.

For example, here in the US, Apple hardware warranty details are provided in Hardware Warranties.  In this country, the link is available directly from the Apple Support Welcome Page.  Alternatively, I can find the same Hardware Warranty information by searching the web for "apple hardware warranty USA" (without the quotation marks.) 

I know that other country Support Pages are different and may not contain similar links.  I did not see your country location,  and I cannot your computer screen, so I cannot give so cannot offer a tested direct link here to the specific warranty information Apple has published about your warranty coverage.  However, my web search for "apple hardware warranty EU" (without the quotation marks) returned the link to Apple Products and EU-wide Consumer Laws.  It seems to me that this public Apple document covers the information you want to compare with EU rights for EU customers like you.