spinning wheel of death while using photoshop, chrome and spotify

I have a fairly new MacBook Pro which – on a bad day – keeps showing me 5x a day the spinning wheel of death for about 15 min, then it catches up again. the programms which are mostly unresponsive are photoshop, Chrome, spotify, skype.
I tried lots of possible solutions mentioned in the forum but none of them really helped. Does anybody have an idea what could cause the trouble?

those are the data of my mac according to etrecheck:

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Hardware Information:

MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Early 2013)

MacBook Pro - model: MacBookPro10,1

1 2.7 GHz Intel Core i7 CPU: 4 cores

16 GB RAM

Video Information:

Intel HD Graphics 4000 - VRAM: 1024 MB

NVIDIA GeForce GT 650M - VRAM: 1024 MB

System Software:

OS X 10.9.2 (13C64) - Uptime: 0 days 0:29:56

Disk Information:

APPLE SSD SD512E disk0 : (500,28 GB)

EFI (disk0s1) <not mounted>: 209,7 MB

Macintosh HD (disk0s2) / [Startup]: 499,42 GB (178,79 GB free)

Recovery HD (disk0s3) <not mounted>: 650 MB

USB Information:

Apple Inc. FaceTime HD Camera (Built-in)

Apple Inc. Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad

Apple Inc. BRCM20702 Hub

Apple Inc. Bluetooth USB Host Controller

LaCie P'9223 Mobile Drive 1 TB

LaCie Time Machine (disk1s1) /Volumes/LaCie Time Machine: 500,24 GB (18,85 GB free)

LaCie (disk1s2) /Volumes/LaCie: 499,97 GB (401,83 GB free)

Apple Inc. MacBook Air SuperDrive

Apple, Inc. Keyboard Hub

Apple Inc. Apple Keyboard

Apple Inc. Display Audio

Apple Inc. FaceTime HD Camera (Display)

Apple Inc. Apple Thunderbolt Display

FireWire Information:

Thunderbolt Information:

Apple Inc. thunderbolt_bus

Apple Inc. Thunderbolt Display

Apple Inc. Thunderbolt to Gigabit Ethernet Adapter

Kernel Extensions:

com.sophos.nke.swi (9.0.53 - SDK 10.8)

com.sophos.kext.sav (9.0.53 - SDK 10.7)

Launch Daemons:

[System] com.adobe.fpsaud.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.adobe.SwitchBoard.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.google.keystone.daemon.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.autoupdate.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.configuration.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.intercheck.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.notification.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.scan.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.sxld.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.webd.plist 3rd-Party support link

Launch Agents:

[System] com.adobe.AAM.Updater-1.0.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.adobe.AdobeCreativeCloud.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.google.keystone.agent.plist 3rd-Party support link

[System] com.sophos.uiserver.plist 3rd-Party support link

User Launch Agents:

[not loaded] com.adobe.AAM.Updater-1.0.plist 3rd-Party support link

[not loaded] com.adobe.ARM.[...].plist 3rd-Party support link

[not loaded] com.spotify.webhelper.plist 3rd-Party support link

User Login Items:

iTunesHelper

Arq Agent

Spotify

TimehopSync

LittleIpsum

Dropbox

Internet Plug-ins:

o1dbrowserplugin: Version: 5.1.7.17873 3rd-Party support link

Default Browser: Version: 537 - SDK 10.9

AdobeExManDetect: Version: AdobeExManDetect 1.1.0.0 - SDK 10.7 3rd-Party support link

AdobeAAMDetect: Version: AdobeAAMDetect 2.0.0.0 - SDK 10.7 3rd-Party support link

AdobePDFViewerNPAPI: Version: 11.0.06 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link

FlashPlayer-10.6: Version: 12.0.0.77 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link

Flash Player: Version: 12.0.0.77 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link

QuickTime Plugin: Version: 7.7.3

googletalkbrowserplugin: Version: 5.1.7.17873 3rd-Party support link

AdobeExManCCDetect_x86_64: Version: AdobeExManCCDetect_x86_64 1.0.0.0 - SDK 10.7 3rd-Party support link

AdobePDFViewer: Version: 11.0.06 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link

npgtpo3dautoplugin: Version: 0.1.44.29 - SDK 10.5 3rd-Party support link

SharePointBrowserPlugin: Version: 14.3.9 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link

JavaAppletPlugin: Version: 14.9.0 - SDK 10.7 Outdated! Update

Audio Plug-ins:

BluetoothAudioPlugIn: Version: 1.0 - SDK 10.9

AirPlay: Version: 2.0 - SDK 10.9

AppleAVBAudio: Version: 203.2 - SDK 10.9

iSightAudio: Version: 7.7.3 - SDK 10.9

iTunes Plug-ins:

Quartz Composer Visualizer: Version: 1.4 - SDK 10.9

3rd Party Preference Panes:

Flash Player 3rd-Party support link

Old Applications:

/Applications/iWork '09

dynamiclinkmanager: Version: 6.0.0 - SDK 10.5 3rd-Party support link

/Library/Application Support/Adobe/Common/dynamiclink/CS6/dynamiclinkmanager.app

Time Machine:

Skip System Files: NO

Auto backup: YES

Volumes being backed up:

Macintosh HD: Disk size: 465.12 GB Disk used: 298.61 GB

Destinations:

LaCie Time Machine [Local] (Last used)

Total size: 465.88 GB

Total number of backups: 59

Oldest backup: 2013-11-16 06:36:09 +0000

Last backup: 2014-03-16 13:07:42 +0000

Size of backup disk: Too small

Backup size 465.88 GB < (Disk used 298.61 GB X 3)

Time Machine details may not be accurate.

All volumes being backed up may not be listed.

Top Processes by CPU:

5% WindowServer

5% Spotify

2% Google Chrome

2% EtreCheck

1% coreaudiod

Top Processes by Memory:

754 MB Adobe Photoshop CC

197 MB mds_stores

197 MB Google Chrome

164 MB InterCheck

164 MB com.apple.IconServicesAgent

Virtual Memory Information:

7.81 GB Free RAM

4.57 GB Active RAM

2.33 GB Inactive RAM

1.28 GB Wired RAM

1.38 GB Page-ins

0 B Page-outs