So I tried with draging the image to the Aperture icon in the Dock – and that worked! 🙂 And, if I first uploaded the file to Dropbox, and then downloaded it again – then Aperture "can see" the file and I can import the image the usual way 😕
Great voodoo, Magnus - did you swing a chicken over the mac as well? 🙂 I am glad you could solve the problem.
Trying an explanation of what might have happenend:
Aperture probably will have hidden the image in the Import panel, because it erraniously recognized it as duplicate or an excluded file type because of a problematic file signature. Dragging to the Dock icon is forcing the import, even of duplicates or excluded file types.
And adding to DropBox and then downloading again may change file attributes. DropBox is syncing the files with the server and creating new copies. This may change the file signatures.
Added: There is one thing, that is a bit disconcerting about the solution you now are having. If you have to "convert" your raws by sending them to DropBox to fix the file signatures, or circumvent the Import panel by dragging to the Dock icon, there may be a problem with your "Import Presets.plist" or other cached preference files.
If the problem happens again, quit Aperture and trash this file "/Users/your shourt user name/Library/Application Support/Aperture/Import Presets.plist". Then reboot the system.